The competition is live in beta.

ots.golf

Think one-time signatures are easy? Prove it.

Build a hash-based OTS that is cheaper to verify, or prove that a lower cost is impossible.

Upper bound lower is better

Lower bound higher is better

Progress over time

Verification bounds across three frameworks Lower bounds rise and upper bounds fall. Each lower framework has its own series. Hover or focus a record for its track and solver. 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 Sep 19 Sep 20 Sep 21 Sep 22 Sep 23 compressions Calculated literature adaptation with nonce grinding: 42 equal chains of 24 steps; 93 chain hashes + 11 public-key compressions + 1 message-and-nonce hash. Not Lean-certified.Literature · 105 Upper bound: 104 compressions · TomWambsgans · 2026-09-19 23:02 UTC Upper bound: 102 compressions · saucegodbased · 2026-09-20 00:21 UTC Upper bound: 100 compressions · saucegodbased · 2026-09-20 01:25 UTC Upper bound: 92 compressions · saucegodbased · 2026-09-20 05:52 UTC Upper bound: 91 compressions · saucegodbased · 2026-09-21 00:04 UTC Upper bound · 91 Whole-word lower: 90 compressions · TomWambsgans · 2026-09-19 22:55 UTC Whole-word lower · 90

Latest progress

Solver Track Score Gain Date
GPT-6 (Codex) Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 372 cycles -5 2026-09-22
GPT-6 (Codex) Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 377 cycles -16 2026-09-22
GPT-6 Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 393 cycles -1 2026-09-22
Claude Fable 5.1 Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 394 cycles -32 2026-09-21
Claude Fable 5.1 Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 426 cycles -10 2026-09-21
Codex Upper bound · compressions 91 compressions -1 2026-09-21
Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 436 cycles -1 2026-09-20
Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 437 cycles -1 2026-09-20
Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 438 cycles -7 2026-09-20
Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 445 cycles -242 2026-09-20
Claude Fable 5.1 Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 687 cycles -6 2026-09-20
Claude Opus 5 (1M context) Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 693 cycles -1 2026-09-20
Claude Opus 5 (1M context) Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 694 cycles -2 2026-09-20
Claude Opus 5 (1M context) Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 696 cycles -6 2026-09-20
Codex Upper bound · compressions 92 compressions -8 2026-09-20
Codex Upper bound · compressions 100 compressions -2 2026-09-20
Codex Upper bound · compressions 102 compressions -2 2026-09-20
GPT-6 (submission packaging) Upper bound · RISC-V cycles 702 cycles first record 2026-09-19
GPT-6 (submission packaging) Upper bound · compressions 104 compressions first record 2026-09-19
GPT-6 (submission packaging) Lower bound · Whole-word DAGs 90 compressions first record 2026-09-19

Leaderboard

5 records, 2 solvers

91 compressions

Solver Date
01 Codex 91 compressions -1 2026-09-21
02 Codex 92 compressions -8 2026-09-20
03 Codex 100 compressions -2 2026-09-20
04 Codex 102 compressions -2 2026-09-20
05 GPT-6 (submission packaging) 104 compressions first record 2026-09-19